\u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629.[1]<\/a> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629.[2]<\/a><\/p>\n \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c “\u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b” \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c[3]<\/a> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629(ICCPR-OP2) \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 (OPCAT).[4]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong>:<\/p>\n \u0644\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629.[5]<\/a> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0640 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627”\u060c[6]<\/a> \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2018 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 “\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a”.[7]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f.[8]<\/a> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c[9]<\/a> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c[10]<\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062c\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a .[11]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020 \u060c \u062d\u0631\u0651\u0641\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0634\u0643\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646.[12]<\/a> \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.[13]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2017 \u0648 2020.[14]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c[15]<\/a> \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 [16]<\/span><\/a>(CNDH) <\/span>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 “\u0628” \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.[17]<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647[18]<\/a> \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c[19]<\/a> \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/span>[20]<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n \u0641\u064a 1 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c[21]<\/a> \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.[22]<\/a> \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629[23]<\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a[24]<\/a> \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621.[25]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b.[26]<\/a> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1993 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c[27]<\/a> \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627.[28]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.[29]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628.[30]<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c[31]<\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0635 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628.[32]<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a[33]<\/a> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0643\u064a\u0634\u060c[34]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2019 \u0648 2020 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2021 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0643\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.[35]<\/a> \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0634\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a 3 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2021.[36]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c[37]<\/a> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u060c \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629”.[38]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c[39]<\/a> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621.[40]<\/a> \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.[41]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c[42]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2019 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 15 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629”.[43]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2019 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.[44]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2021 \u060c \u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0645\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629” \u0648 “\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629”.[45]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 (1991-2002) \u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646: \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 200.000 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648 7000 \u0625\u0644\u0649 20.000 \u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629.[46]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c[47]<\/a> \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 06-01 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629[48]<\/a> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 45 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0625\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c[49]<\/a> \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628.[50]<\/a> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 46 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c[51]<\/a> \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629.[52]<\/a> \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a 2018.[53]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629[54]<\/a> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641.[55]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2022 \u060c \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631[56]<\/a> \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2011.[57]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n \u2022 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 45 \u0648 46 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 06-01 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b<\/p>\n \u2022 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.[58]<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017 \u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631.[59]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 51 \u0648 52 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646 54 \u0648 55 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 “\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629” \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0649 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a”.<\/p>\n \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2012 \u0623\u0644\u063a\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631.[60]<\/a> \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645.[61]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a.[62]<\/a> \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0640 “\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0629” \u0623\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0629” \u0623\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631” \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646.[63]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2020 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a[64]<\/a> \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c[65]<\/a> \u0648\u0634\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631 “\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629”.[66]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2021 \u060c \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a[67]<\/a> \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 “\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.[68]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645\u060c[69]<\/a> \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064f\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020 \u060c \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d” \u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643.[70]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2021 \u060c \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u064a\u0645\u0632 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0634\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0629 “\u0625\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629” \u0648”\u0625\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629”.[71]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2021 \u060c \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645”.[72]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2021 \u060c \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0628\u062d \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0629 “\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645” \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0642.[73]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2022 \u060c \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a[74]<\/a> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.[75]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2021 \u060c \u0623\u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 231 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u060c \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629.[76]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 53 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 “\u062d\u0642 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646” \u0648 “\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0647”. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 2012 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a[77]<\/a> \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639 “\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629” \u0623\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645” \u0623\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642”\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0633\u0651 “\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629”. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627.[78]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c[79]<\/a> \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 “\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639-\u0639\u0645\u0644-\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629” (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0631\u0627\u062c) \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2021 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 “\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627” \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628” \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 “\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645”.[80]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2020 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0636 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a” \u0623\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629”.[81]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n \u2022 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b<\/p>\n \u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631\u061b<\/p>\n \u2022 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 95 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 “\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639”\u060c[82]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642.[83]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 52 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 “\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627” \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a[84]<\/a>\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.[85]<\/a> \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629” \u0623\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645” \u0623\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629”\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 . \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 “\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629”.[86]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2021 \u060c \u0635\u0631\u062d\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639.[87]<\/a> \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2001 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629.[88]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2020 \u060c \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19.[89]<\/a> \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2021 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639.[90]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629”.[91]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n \u2022 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b<\/p>\n \u2022 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646\u061b<\/p>\n \u2022 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2001 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0623\u064a\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.[92]<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2021 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a[93]<\/a> \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628[94]<\/a> \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629.[95]<\/a> \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629.[96]<\/a> \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 (\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643) \u0628\u0640 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629”.[97]<\/a> \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2022.[98]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062c\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2021 \u060c \u0627\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0645 15 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0640 “\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631”.[99]<\/a> \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 “\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631”.[100]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 51 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 48 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629.[101]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n \u2022 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 87 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u061b<\/p>\n \u2022 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0647\u0627 48 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u061b<\/p>\n \u2022 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n [1]<\/a> \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 154 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 2020 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: https:\/\/www.joradp.dz\/TRV\/AConsti.pdf<\/a>\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651: “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646”\u060c (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 23 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022)\u060c.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [2]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c 17 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2018 \u060c UN Doc. CCPR \/ C \/ DZA \/ CO \/ 4 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629. 5.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [3]<\/a> \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: 129.1 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646) \u0648 129.2 (\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0633) \u0648 129.3 (\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627) \u0648 129.4 (\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a) \u0648 129.5 (\u0623\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u063a\u0648\u0627\u064a) \u0648 129.6 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644) \u0648 129.7 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644) \u0648 129.8 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0631\u0643)\u060c 129.9 (\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627) \u060c 129.10 (\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627)\u060c 129.11 (\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u060c \u063a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627)\u060c 129.12 (\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644)\u060c 129.13 (\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u063a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627)\u060c 129.14 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646) \u060c 129.18 (\u0623\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627) \u060c 129.19 (\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [4]<\/a> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [5]<\/a> \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0630 20 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2012 \u061b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2016 \u061b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 30 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2015 \u061b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 15 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018 \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 27 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2009 \u061b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 15 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2021. \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639: \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c “\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631”\u060c https:\/\/tbinternet.ohchr.org\/_layouts\/15\/TreatyBodyExternal\/Countries.aspx?CountryCode=DZA&Lang=AR<\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 11 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [6]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 26 -129 (\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631\u063a).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [7]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c 29 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2018 \u060c UN Doc. CCPR \/ C \/ 122 \/ R.2 \u060c \u0635. 5.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [8]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 129.30 (\u0628\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0643\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u063a\u0648\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0643) \u0648 129.31 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [9]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 129-29 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [10]<\/a> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011 \u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1997 \u061b \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010 \u061b \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2009. \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1998 \u060c https:\/\/spinternet.ohchr.org\/ViewCountryVisits.aspx?visitType=all&country=DZA&Lang=Ar<\/a> )\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 11 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [11]<\/a> \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014. \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0638\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2022.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [12]<\/a> \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c 4 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020 \u060c https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/ar\/2020\/09\/un-human-rights-office-highlights-fabricated-information-relation-algeria?LangID=A&NewsID=26208<\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 9 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [13]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [14]<\/a> \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u060c 29 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2018 \u060c UN Doc. A \/ HRC \/ 36\/31\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629. 20 \u0648 \u0635. 16 \u061b \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u060c 13 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2018 \u060c UN Doc. A \/ HRC \/ 39\/41 \u060c \u0635. 40 \u061b \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 9 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2019 \u060c UN Doc. A \/ HRC \/ 42\/30 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629. 36 \u0648 \u0635. 18 \u061b \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 25 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020 \u060c UN Doc. A \/ HRC \/ 45\/36 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a 42-43 \u0648 p. 20.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [15]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 129.39 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062c\u0631) \u0648 129.40 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [16]<\/a> \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646” \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 16-13 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: http:\/\/www.ilo.org\/dyn\/natlex\/docs\/ELECTRONIC\/103001\/124783\/F2049991226\/DZA- 103001.pdf<\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 23 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022). \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627: https:\/\/cndh.org.dz\/Arabe\/index.php\/en\/<\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 23 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022). \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [17]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 (GANHRI) \u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f (SCA) \u060c 14-18 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2018 \u060c) https:\/\/ganhri.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/ 11 \/ SCA-Report-May-2018-Eng.pdf<\/a> \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 11 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022) \u060c \u0635 15 – 20.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [18]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 16 – 17.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [19]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 15-16.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [20]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u060c \u0635 17 – 18.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [21]<\/a> \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0648\u060c “\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a \u0648\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627” \u060c \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a \u060c 3 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020 \u060c https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2020\/11\/03\/algeria-referendum-constitutional-change-democracy-protest\/ (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 24 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022.(<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [22]<\/a> \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 – \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2020 \u060c https:\/\/www.icj.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Algeria-NewConstitution-Advocacy-Analysis-Brief-2020-ENG .pdf<\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 24 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022) \u060c \u0635 4-8.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [23]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u060c \u0635 8-10.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [24]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u060c \u0635 10-12.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [25]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u060c \u0635 12 – 16.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [26]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a 129.72 (\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0648) \u060c 129.73.2 (\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627) \u060c 129.74 (\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627) \u060c 129.75.2 (\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [27]<\/a> \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a: 61 \u060c 62 \u060c 63 \u060c 64 \u060c 77 \u060c 80 \u060c 81 \u060c 84 \u060c 86 \u060c 87 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 1 \u060c 87 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 7 \u060c 89 \u060c 90 \u060c 148 \u060c 261 \u060c 263 \u060c 272 \u060c 274 \u060c 284 \u060c 293 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0648 293 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 1 \u060c 399 \u060c 401 \u060c 403 \u060c 417 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 https:\/\/menarights.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2019-10\/ALG_PenalCode.pdf<\/a> : (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 24 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 .(2022<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [28]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c 17 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2018 \u060c UN Doc. CCPR \/ C \/ DZA \/ CO \/ 4 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a 27-28.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [29]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [30]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 129.76 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0643) \u0648 129.77 (\u0634\u064a\u0644\u064a).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [31]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 263 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b: “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631”\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629. 31.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [32]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [33]<\/a> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u064f\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a 2 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u0645\u0629 “\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629” \u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a” \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0628”. \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2021 \u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639: \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c 9 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2021\u060c https:\/\/www.inter-lignes.com\/tribunal-de-tipasa-sami-dernouni- condamne-a-2-ans-de-prison-ferme\/ <\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 24 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022) \u061b \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 AL DZA 6\/2021 \u060c 4 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2021 \u060c https:\/\/spcommreports.ohchr.org\/TMResultsBase\/DownLoadPublicCommunicationFile?gId=26529<\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 24 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [34]<\/a> \u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0643\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a 26 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2019 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a. \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 AL DZA 8\/2020 \u060c 25 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2021 \u060c https:\/\/spcommreports.ohchr.org\/TMResultsBase\/DownLoadPublicCommunicationFile?gId=25546<\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 10 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [35]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c “\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0643\u064a\u0634 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642” \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u060c 3 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2021 \u060c https:\/\/www.elwatan.com\/edition\/actualite\/justice-walid-nekkiche-deplore-les-lenteurs-de- Survey -03-05-2021<\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 24 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [36]<\/a>RFI \u060c \u0641\u0636\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c 5 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2021 \u060c https:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/fr\/afrique\/20210405-scandale-en-alg%C3%A9rie-le-jeune-sa%C3%AFd-chetouane-accuse-des-policiers-de-violences-sexuelles<\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 25 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022). <\/p>\n<\/div>\n [37]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a 129.81 (\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627) \u060c 129.82 (\u0623\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0627) \u060c 129.83 (\u0645\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0641).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [38]<\/a>“\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631”\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629. 39. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n [39]<\/a> \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 04-11 \u060c 6 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2004 \u060c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: https:\/\/www.joradp.dz\/FTP\/jo-arabe\/2004\/A2004057.pdf<\/a> (\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 24 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [40]\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 3.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n
1.2 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n
\n
2. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n
\n
3. \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n
3.1 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/h2>\n
3.1.1 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/h3>\n
\n
3.1.2 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n
\n
3.2 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/h2>\n
3.2.1 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n
\n
3.2.2 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628<\/h3>\n
3.3 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n
3.3.1 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n
\n
3.3.2 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n
3.3.3 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/h3>\n
3.4 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628<\/h2>\n
\n